ONE HADITH A DAY
Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim · Authentic hadith
عن أبي بكرة -ضي الله عنه- مرفوعاً: «إِنَّ الزمانَ قَدِ اسْتَدَارَ كَهَيْئَتِهِ يَوْمَ خَلَقَ اللهُ السَّمَاوَاتِ والأَرْضَ: السنةُ اثنا عَشَرَ شَهْرًا، منها أربعةٌ حُرُمٌ: ثلاثٌ مُتَوَالِيَاتٌ: ذُو القَعْدَةِ، وذُو الحَجَّةِ، والمحرمُ، ورَجَبُ مُضَرَ الذي بين جُمَادَى وشَعْبَانَ، أَيُّ شَهْرٍ هَذَا؟» قلنا: اللهُ ورسولُهُ أَعْلَمُ، فسكتَ حتى ظننا أنه سَيُسَمِّيهِ بغير اسمه، قال: «أَلَيْسَ ذَا الحَجَّةِ؟» قُلْنَا: بَلَى. قال: «فأَيُّ بَلَدٍ هَذَا؟» قلنا: اللهُ ورسولُهُ أَعْلَمُ، فسكتَ حتى ظننا أنه سُيَسَمِّيهِ بغير اسمه. قال: «أَلَيْسَ البَلْدَةَ؟» قلنا: بلى. قال: «فأَيُّ يَوْمٍ هَذَا؟» قُلْنَا: اللهُ ورسولُهُ أَعْلَمُ، فسكتَ حتى ظَنَنَّا أنه سيسميه بغير اسمه. قال: «أَلَيْسَ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ؟» قلنا: بَلَى. قال: «فَإِّنَّ دِمَاءَكُمْ وأَمْوَالَكُمْ وأَعْرَاضَكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ حَرَامٌ، كَحُرْمَةِ يَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا في بَلَدِكُمْ هَذَا فِي شَهْرِكُمْ هَذَا، وَسَتَلْقَونَ رَبَّكُمْ فَيَسْأَلُكُمْ عَنْ أَعْمَالِكُمْ، أَلَا فَلَا تَرْجِعُوا بَعْدِي كُفَّارًا يَضْرِبُ بَعْضُكُم رِقَابَ بَعْضٍ، أَلَا لِيُبَلِّغِ الشَّاهِدُ الغَائِبَ، فَلَعَلَّ بَعْضَ مَنْ يَبْلُغُهُ أَنْ يكونَ أَوْعَى لَهُ مِنْ بَعْضِ مَنْ سَمِعَهُ»، ثُمَّ قال: «أَلَا هَلْ بَلَّغْتُ، أَلَا هَلْ بَلَّغْتُ؟» قلنا: نعم. قال: «اللَّهُمَّ اشْهَدْ».
“Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Time has completed its cycle and has returned to its state when Allah created the heavens and the earth. The year consists of twelve months, of which four are sacred; three of them are consecutive: Dhu al-Qi‘dah, Dhu al-Hijjah, Muharram, and Rajab of Mudar which comes between the months of Jumāda and Sha‘bān. Which month is this?" We said: "Allah and His Messenger know best." He remained silent for some time until we thought he was going to name it by something other than its current name. He then said: "Is this not the month of Dhu al-Hijjah?" We said: "Indeed, it is." He then said: "Which city is this?" To which we said: "Allah and His Messenger know best." He then remained silent for some time until we thought he was going to name it by something other than its current name. He then said: "Is this not Al-Baldah (meaning Makkah)?" We said: "Indeed, it is." He then said: "What day is this?" We replied saying: "Allah and His Messenger know best." He then remained silent for some time until we thought he was going to name it by something other than its current name. He said: "Is this not the Day of An-Nahr (10th of Dhu al-Hijjah)?" We said: "Indeed, it is." Thereupon he said: "Indeed, your blood, your property and your honor are inviolable to one another just as the inviolability of this day of yours, in this city of yours, in this month of yours. And you will soon meet your Lord, and He will ask you about your deeds. So, do not return to disbelief after my death, striking each other's necks. Let those who are present here convey my statements to those who are not present, for perhaps someone to whom my words are conveyed will understand them better than someone who listened to them." Then he said: "Behold! Have I delivered (the message) to you? Behold! Have I delivered (the message) to you?" We answered saying: "Indeed, you have." He said: "O Allah, bear witness to this!"”
The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) delivered a sermon on the Day of An-Nahr, during the Farewell Hajj. He informed his Companions(may Allah be pleased with him) that at that point of time in the year, the Nasī’ (postponement of the sacred months people used to do in pre-Islamic Arabia) became in accordance with what Allah has legislated with regard to the sacred months. That is because the people of Jāhiliyyah (pre-Islamic times) had altered the order Allah had set for the sacred months. They would deem sacred months to be not sacred, and turned months that are not sacred to be sacred, in order to fight and oppress each other whenever they so willed. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) then explained that the year consists of twelve months, which are: Muharram, Safar, Rabī‘ al-Awwal, Rabī‘ Ath-Thāni, Jumāda al-’Ūla, Jumāda Ath-Thāniyah, Rajab, Sha‘bān, Ramadan, Shawwāl, Dhu al-Qi‘dah, and Dhu al-Hijjah. These are the twelve months of the year that Allah has made for His servants since the creation of the heavens and the earth. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) then explained that four of these months are sacred, and that three of these four months are consecutive and one is separate. The three consecutive months are: Dhu al-Qi‘dah, Dhu al-Hijjah, and Muharram. Allah has made these months sacred, meaning that fighting is not permissible in them, and no tribe is allowed to attack another therein. The reason for this is that these are the months in which people travel to Makkah to perform Hajj. It…